What conjunctivochalasis is
The conjunctiva is the thin, clear membrane over the white of your eye. In conjunctivochalasis it becomes loose and redundant, forming folds that typically sit on the lower part of the white of the eye. It’s common and often goes undiagnosed.[1]
Symptoms range from mild discomfort in early stages to blocked tear drainage in moderate stages. In severe stages it can lead to exposure damage to the cornea and loss of vision.[1]
How it affects a scleral lens
A scleral lens rests on the conjunctiva over the white of the eye. Loose folds can affect it in a few ways that wearers describe:
- Rubbing at the edge. The folds catch or rub where the lens edge sits, especially along the lower edge, causing a foreign-body feeling.
- Folds drawn under the edge. Loose tissue can be pulled up under the lens. Wearers sometimes see it as a line or bulge under the lens.
- Fit readings. Scans of the eye measure the surface of the conjunctiva, and loose or compressed tissue may not reflect the shape of the sclera underneath, one eye doctor explained to a wearer. That can make a scan-based lens harder to get right.
- Dryness and fogging, since loose folds can disturb the tear film along the lower lid.
When the conjunctiva is drawn up into the space under the lens, it’s called conjunctival prolapse. Eye doctors can read more about it, and how it’s managed, in our page on conjunctival prolapse and scleral lenses.
What fitters can change
A review of scleral lens complications describes options for problems with the conjunctiva at the lens edge, including a large-diameter lens to cover the affected tissue or a small-diameter lens to avoid it.[2]
Wearers with conjunctivochalasis report:
- Going smaller. Several found a smaller lens rubbed less than larger ones, even though they’d assumed bigger would be better for their dry eye.
- Edge adjustments. A small change to the edge or landing area removed irritation and fogging for some.
- Custom designs. Impression-based or scan-based lenses that follow the eye’s shape more closely. See impression-based scleral lenses.
Treating the folds first
The same review notes that anti-inflammatory treatments, such as cyclosporine, lifitegrast, short courses of steroid drops, or amniotic membrane, can help tighten conjunctival tissue, and that in cases of excessive conjunctivochalasis a surgical conjunctivoplasty may be necessary.[2]
Wearers who had the folds treated describe lenses becoming comfortable afterward. Some were advised to have treatment before starting a fitting, because treating the folds changes the surface the lens rests on, and a few mention that the folds can come back. Ask your eye doctor and fitter to plan the order together.
Day to day
- Remove gently. Some wearers worry that tugging during hard removals stretches loose tissue further. Breaking the suction at the lower edge before lifting the lens, as your fitter shows you, makes removal easier on the eye. See how to remove a scleral lens.
- Report a new line, bulge or sore spot under or at the lens edge, rather than waiting for your next visit.
- Keep treating dry eye. Ask which preservative-free drops you can use over the lens.
What wearers say
Most wearers with mild conjunctivochalasis say it hasn’t stopped them wearing scleral lenses. People with more pronounced folds describe a longer fitting, foreign-body feeling, or the folds creeping under the lens edge, and several needed a smaller lens, an edge change or treatment of the folds. Some also note that untreated dry eye seemed harder on their conjunctiva than the lenses were.
What to ask your fitter
- Where are my folds, and will they meet the lens edge?
- Should I have them treated before we fit or refit?
- Would a smaller lens, a larger lens, or an edge change suit my eye better?
- Is any tissue being drawn under the lens, and does that matter for my eye?
Common questions
Do scleral lenses cause conjunctivochalasis?
We found no study showing that they do. Long-term wearers in our research mostly say they never developed it, or that mild age-related folds didn't seem to worsen with the lens. Some worry that pulling on the eye during difficult removals could loosen the tissue. If removal is a struggle, ask your fitter to watch your technique and check the fit.
Would a bigger lens cover the folds and stop the rubbing?
Sometimes, but wearers with conjunctivochalasis often report the opposite: a smaller lens rubbed less. A review of scleral lens complications mentions both options for conjunctival problems at the edge. Your fitter decides based on where the folds are.
If I have surgery for it, will I need new lenses?
Possibly. Treating the folds changes the surface the lens edge rests on, so your fitter may need to check or adjust the fit afterward. Ask both your surgeon and your fitter about timing before you book.
I can see a line or fold under my lens. Is my lens cracked?
It could be a strand of mucus, a fold of loose conjunctiva drawn under the lens, or a crack. Take the lens out and look at it. If the lens is fine but the fold or discomfort is still there, or the eye is painful, don't put the lens back in until you've been seen.
