What GPC is
Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC) is the development of raised bumps, called papillae, on the lining of the upper eyelid. It’s a common complication of contact lens wear, and it can bring extra mucus, itching, blurry vision, and less tolerance of your lenses.[1]
The exact cause isn’t fully understood. A review of the research says it likely comes from a combination of the lid lining being rubbed mechanically and an immune reaction to deposits on the front of the lens.[1] Risk factors include lenses that aren’t replaced often, long wearing times, inadequate lens hygiene, and having allergies in general.[1]
Our page on scleral lenses and allergies covers GPC alongside other eye allergies. This page is about the question wearers ask most once they’re diagnosed: what now?
The usual management steps
The outlook with proper management is described as excellent.[1] Treatment steps up with severity:
- A break from lens wear. In mild cases, stopping lens wear promptly may be enough on its own.[1]
- Allergy drops. More severe cases may need antihistamine eye drops.[1]
- Other medicines, less often. Steroid drops, anti-inflammatory drops, immune-modulating drops, and very rarely surgery may be needed.[1]
Which of these you need, and for how long, is your eye doctor’s decision. If you’re prescribed a steroid drop, ask how often your eye pressure will be checked while you use it: wearers whose pressure rose on steroids say their doctor caught it at a check and adjusted treatment.
Don’t treat yourself with leftover steroid or antibiotic drops. They need an exam and follow-up.
Getting back into lenses
Because deposits on the lens surface and lid rubbing are thought to drive GPC, getting back in usually means changing something about the lens or its care, not just waiting. Things to discuss with your fitter:
- A fresh lens. Built-up deposits are a suspected trigger, so an older lens may need replacing.
- Cleaning. Daily rubbing with your cleaner, and whether a periodic deposit-removing clean suits your lens. Ask before using anything abrasive on a coated lens. See cleaners and coated lenses.
- Disinfection. Some wearers with allergic eyes move to a preservative-free hydrogen peroxide system with their fitter’s agreement. See hydrogen peroxide.
- Material and coating. A different lens material or a surface coating may collect fewer deposits on your eye.
- The edge. Edge awareness under a lid with papillae may improve with an edge change.
- Shorter days and a midday clean. A midday removal, rinse, and refill limits how long deposits sit on the lens.
- The rest of your allergy. If you have seasonal or year-round allergies, controlling them helps. Allergy drops generally go in before insertion, not into the lens bowl, unless your doctor says otherwise.
What wearers say
Wearers who’ve had GPC describe a range. Some returned to full days after a few weeks off, steroid drops, and a change of saline or lens. Others had GPC come back soon after resuming wear and needed a second round of treatment, a new lens design, or a longer break. Wearers with long-running GPC say good backup glasses and a coated lens made flares manageable. A few, told to stop, sought a second opinion from a cornea specialist. And some wearers whose GPC started with soft lenses found scleral lenses easier to tolerate.
What to ask your eye doctor
- How severe is my GPC, and how long should I stay out of lenses?
- What can I use for vision in the meantime?
- If I’m on steroid drops, when will my eye pressure be checked?
- What do you think triggered it: deposits, the lens edge, allergy, or something else?
- When I go back, should I start with shorter days?
What to ask your fitter
- Should this lens be replaced, or made in a different material or with a coating?
- Is my cleaning and disinfecting routine right for my lens?
- Is the edge rubbing under my upper lid?
Common questions
How do I know if I have GPC?
Only an eye doctor can tell, by turning your upper lid out and looking at its inner lining. Clues that make people ask: itching that's worse after lenses come out, more mucus on the lens, lenses that feel like they ride up or catch, and lenses you can tolerate for fewer hours than before.
My doctor told me to stop wearing lenses, but I can't see without them. What can I do?
Tell your doctor how much you depend on the lenses: it may change the plan. Ask what you can use for vision during the break, how long it's likely to be, and whether partial wear is possible. Wearers in this position have asked for a second opinion from a cornea specialist, and some have used other lens types temporarily under their doctor's care.
Will a new lens fix it?
Sometimes. A new lens has a fresh surface without built-up deposits, and a different material or a surface coating may suit you better. Wearers also describe GPC returning after they resumed wear, so ask what else should change at the same time.
Can my nails or hand products play a part?
Some wearers have wondered about acrylic nails and changed them as a precaution. We found no good evidence either way. Clean hands and a clean lens surface matter more, and long nails can make handling harder.
